Calipers can be fixed, sliding, or floating. Fixed calipers, often found in high-performance cars, have pistons on both sides and are bolted to the housing. Sliding and floating calipers move. Sliding calipers move on guides, which should be cleaned and lubricated during brake jobs to prevent premature inboard pad wear. Floating calipers move on pins, which also require cleaning and lubrication. Maintaining caliper movement is crucial because only the square-cut seal pulls the piston back.

